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What are the Different types of Insulin?

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Insulin has been available since 1925. Initially, they were extracted from pork and beef pancreas. In the 1980s, due to the technological advancements the companies were able to produce human insulin synthetically. They replaced beef and pork and now insulin analogues are replacing human insulin.

flu-shot

Characteristics of Insulin

Beta cells make the hormonal insulin inside the pancreas. After each meal, beta cells release insulin to store or use glucose as per the body needs. In Type 1 diabetes, the beta cells are destroyed due to which the pancreas stops making glucose. Hence, insulin shots are helpful to use glucose from meals. In Type 2 diabetes, the beta cells are present, but the body does not respond to it. Hence, insulin helps to fulfil that purpose.

The different types of Insulin are categorised on how quickly they act, reach maximum effect and eventually wear off from the body. All insulins are dissolved in liquids. The insulin concentration peaks at U100 in the USA. This means it has 100 units of insulin per ml. of liquid. U-500 insulin is also available for patients who are extremely insulin resistant. U-40 has been phased out from most of the countries, but it can still be found in many countries. In many countries additional concentrations are available.

Insulin cannot be taken as a pill because it will be broken down like protein with food. It should be injected into the fat under the skin to reach the blood. In some cases, it can lead to allergies. Take the advice of your doctor if you have an allergic reaction after taking insulin.

7 types of insulin that actually work

An individual might have to take more than one type of insulin and it changes with time.

Rapid Acting Insulin

Brands used: Humalog – Lispro, Novolog – Aspart, Apidra – Glulisine

This kind of insulin is taken just before the meal to control the spikes in the blood sugar. This type can be used in addition to longer-acting insulin. It works in 15 minutes, peaks between 30 to 90 minutes and stays for 3 to 5 hours. Doctors say that one can take a few minutes before the meal as well.

Short- acting insulin

Brands used: Humulin R, Novolin R

This kind of insulin covers the insulin needs during meals. This can be taken 30 minutes to an hour before the meal to control blood sugar. It peaks after 2 to 4 hours and effect stays for 5 to 8 hours. The advantage of this insulin is you can take it at breakfast and supper and still have control because it lasts longer.

Intermediate-acting insulin

Brands used: Humulin N (NPH), Novolin N (NPH)

This kind of insulin can control blood sugar for 12 hours or longer so can be used overnight. It starts to work within an hour, peaks between 4 to 12 hours. This all depends on the brand one is using.  Intermediate-acting insulin offers baseline insulin coverage and can be used with short or rapid acting insulin.

Long-acting insulin

Brands used: Lantus (glargine), Levemir (detemir)

It lasts for 20-26 hours with no peak and has an onset of 1 hour. An individual can take it during bedtime. The long-acting insulin provides 24-hour coverage and is successful in controlling Type 2 diabetes with one shot.

Pre-mixed Insulin

Brands used: Humulin 70/30, Humulin 50/50, Novolin 70/30, Humalog mix 50/50, Humalog mix 75/25

It combines intermediate and short-acting insulin. It can be taken twice a day before meals, 10 to 30 minutes prior. It takes effect in 5 to 60 minutes and the peak time varies. The effect lasts anytime between 10 to 16 hours. Many do not fit into the pre-mixed insulin requirements often. Premixed insulins combine specific amounts of intermediate and short-acting insulin in insulin pen or bottle. The numbers mentioned in the brand name above show the percentage of the type of insulin.

Ultra long Acting

Brands used: Insulin degludec (Tresiba)

This kind of insulin has the longest effect which lasts for 42 hours. It has no peak onset. Inject one dose daily to provide base insulin levels. It can be combined with short-acting insulin to cover meals.

Inhaled Insulin

Brand used: Afrezza

In the USA, an inhaled insulin product called Afrezza became available during 2015. It is known to be rapid-acting inhaled insulin, which can be taken during the beginning of the meal for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Please remember, Afrezza is not a substitute for long-acting insulin.  It begins working within 15 minutes, peaks around 30 minutes and out of the system in 180 minutes.

Insulin Delivery

Another major point to take care is the route of delivery. It means if it should be given under the skin or given intravenously. Insulin dosage is generally injected into the fatty tissue just under the skin most of the times. There are many ways in which insulin can be taken. It can either be with an injector pen, needle or insulin pump. Whatever may be the method, it is a lifesaver. It lowers toxic blood sugar, prevents blindness, nerve and kidney damage and other complications. Never skip a dosage of insulin as you are likely to have problems later in life. Velosulin is the most preferred brand used for an insulin pump. Insulin must be stored in refrigerator alternatively; vial or pen can be kept at room temperature. All insulins have an expiry date and the unused ones should be discarded.

The doctor works out the plan of the dose of insulin to be taken depending upon the vital statistics like weight, height, diet, age and overall health. After the doctor makes the plan, you can adjust depending on how the glucose level responds. How to do it? Simple. If the blood sugar level is too high after breakfast, you know the next time a higher dosage will be required.

Figuring out the right dosage can be an exercise of trial and error. Work closely with the diabetes treatment team to monitor your glucose levels. The injection can be inserted from the abdomen, back of the arm, thighs or hips. Although taking it on the abdomen is highly recommended as it will act quickly.

The Story of Inhaled Insulin (So Far)

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imagesToday, the number of diabetic patients is increasing day by day across the globe. According to the facts & figures published by the International Diabetes Federation, 642 million people will be suffering from diabetes by 2040. Diabetes patients contribute nearly one third of health care costs under the Sun.

A lot of studies on diabetes have concluded that glucose control can help to stabilize life expectancy and it can also improve the quality of life.

In the year 1921, a group of physicians started to inject insulin on the body of the patients suffering from diabetes. A few years later, people thought of inventing the concept of inhaled insulin rather than injecting them.

Yes, you have heard it right. You can inhale insulin. So, this article is for the people who are not yet aware of this development in the field of medicines. Read the entire article to know more about the story of Inhaled insulin.

The Idea

Many attempts have been made to create new ways of delivering insulin other than injections. Scientists tried to control the insulin through nasal passage or by mouth. The lining of the gastrointestinal track and the nasopharynx are impassable in nature. The most capable way of giving insulin was through deep lung, wherein the insulin is readily absorbed by the body.

Thus, the scientists brought out a way wherein the insulin could be inhaled. During the early 2000’s, there were nearly 7 types of inhaled insulin available.

Around 118 studies were carried out which included 48 large Phase 3 studies and 16000 patients who used the benefits of inhaled insulin.

Invention of Exubera

While the scientists were carrying out an investigation on inhaled insulin, it was found that it leads to the emergence of the so-called Exubera. Exubera was invented by Nektar Therapeutics, a San Francisco based scientist. It became the first kind of inhaled insulin product to be marketed in 2006 by Pfizer (a giant Pharmaceutical Company).

Exubera was designed for adults who suffered from Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in US and EU during 2006. In a study done by Dr. Marcia Testa of Harvard School of Public Health revealed that inhaling Exubera was widely accepted by diabetes patients, when compared to injecting insulin.

The end result of using inhaled insulin was decreased burden, painless process, great flexibility, convenience and widely accepted by society. Most of the patients loved it as it was budget-friendly and was available at a low price.

The fall of Exubera

In 2006, FDA accepted Exubera, which was made by the giant Pharma – Pfizer. It was the only inhaling insulin available in the market, when Pfizer decided to call it off.

Despite the popularity received in the market, Exubera proved too expensive for Pfizer to handle. It was revealed that people who used Exubera are more likely prone to lung cancer. In a clinical trial conducted among 4740 patients, 6 patients of the control group developed lung cancer. The device used to deliver Exubera was expensive and awkward, thus was not liked by most of the diabetes patients.

Emergence of Afreeza

With the downfall of Exubera in the market, the scope for other insulin inhalers emerged. In February 2015, new inhaled insulin named Afreeza was brought into the market. It was brought out by CA-based MannKind Corp. The company MannKind Corp. was created by a medical entrepreneur named Alfred Mann.

The dosing cartridges of Afreeza are based on colors such as 4 units (blue), 8 units (green) and 12 units (yellow) doses. The inhaler is disposable in nature and they should be replaced once in two weeks.

Afreeza also adopts a different method to formulate the insulin. Afreeza is controlled with the help of a small device named Dreamboat.

Though it is available in a powder form, it has the capability to deliver the insulin into the arterial blood system rather than capillary system. The dry powder used in Afreeza is made up of Technosphere Insulin. It is composed of insulin and proprietary units called Technosphere. It penetrates deeper into the lungs and shows immediate effect.

Afreeza works within 10 to 15 minutes and is pumped out of the system within an hour. The other insulin available in the market usually takes 15 to 20 minutes and is thrown out of the system, nearly after 2 hours.

Afreeza is made for people suffering from Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. They should consume it before their meals. It is generally considered to be a substitute for injectable insulin. The most common negative effect of taking Afreeza is developing a cough.

In the clinical trials, people consuming Afreeza were at a higher risk of developing Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), which has life-threatening properties. But, Afreeza does not develop any sort of cancer, especially lung cancer.

Afreeza might create a slight complication while breathing. The pulmonary function should be monitored in patients who are consuming this drug. It may increase the level of anti-insulin antibodies more than treating with injectable insulin.

In 2015, Sanofi merged with MannKind Corp to develop a market for Afreeza. But within a year, it disappointed the sales by causing Sanofi to terminate the partnership. It led to the downfall of Afreeza.

Dance Pharmaceuticals

While Pharma companies were competing for developing inhaled insulin, Dance Pharmaceuticals emerged with a similar concept. It was a low-cost product which had the potential to please all the patients in the market. It is small, simple and easy to use. It matches the human body physically and naturally.

Risk of Inhaling Insulin

  • Inhaled Insulin is not recommended for smokers.
  • It can have long term effects on the lungs.
  • People using inhaled insulin can experience cough.
  • It has other ill effects also.

Future of Inhaled Insulin

Inhaled insulin has a great scope in the long run future. It has become a widely accepted way of intaking insulin among the diabetes patients. Today, the inhaled insulin is also being tested for use in the Artificial Pancreas System to control the blood and glucose levels.

Yet, nothing can be clearly predicted about the story of inhaled insulin. The future of inhaled insulin is still being written and over-written. We have to wait till the clear results are out.

Sources:

http://www.idf.org/about-diabetes/facts-figures

http://dancebiopharm.com/the-story-of-inhaled-insulin/

http://www.how22.com/showinfo-1036-15348-0.html

http://www.bmj.com/content/320/7246/1373.full

8 easily available diabetes-friendly foods

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Living with diabetes can turn a task as simple as grocery shopping into an overwhelming event. As a diabetic, eating healthy, balanced meals is key to controlling blood sugar levels, but with so many choices available it may be confusing at times to know which items can be added to your shopping cart.

fruit-basketOne thing is for sure, you should definitely stray away from a western diet. Also known as the meat-sweet diet, the western diet has been strongly associated with the emergence of the diabetes epidemic. Diabetes has shown an upward trend as cultures continue to stray away from their native diet and become dependent on the convenience of processed foods.

According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), each year diabetes kills more Americans than AIDS and breast cancer combined. Despite such discouraging statistics, diabetes does not need to be a death sentence. By incorporating these 8 diabetes-friendly foods into your diet you can drastically reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications.

1.) Apples

The ADA recommends including fiber-rich fruit like apples into a diabetes meal plan. Like any other fruit, apples should be eaten in moderation since their carbohydrate content is converted into glucose upon digestion. As a diabetic your body either does not produce enough insulin or your cells have become resistant to insulin.

An apple similar in size to a tennis ball or half of one large apple contains a sugar content of 15 grams. With this number in mind, you can decide the best time to add the apple to your mealtime so you stay within your daily carbohydrate target. Apples are high in fiber, low in calories, and contain phytonutrients that can help regulate blood sugar.

2.) Beans

Beans, which are usually associated with their flatulence inducing properties, are a diabetic’s superfood. One cup of black beans contains 15 grams of fiber, which is more than half the recommended daily amount. As beans are digested, their complex carbohydrates and protein content are slowly broken, preventing blood sugar spikes.

Black beans also protect against heart disease with their molybdenum and folate content, while the flavonoids responsible for the deep, dark color repair damaged cells. Aim to add beans to your menu at least twice a week. When possible use dried beans instead of canned beans which tend to have a high sodium content. If using canned beans, be sure to rinse them thoroughly before use.

3.) Cinnamon

Studies have shown that cinnamon could regulate blood sugar by decreasing your body’s insulin resistance. Based on the results from one study, participants added at least 1 teaspoon of cinnamon to their diet for 40 days. Cholesterol levels declined by 18% and blood sugar levels by 24%. Cinnamon contains a mineral called chromium that may be responsible for the body’s increased insulin response.

4.) Turmeric

 

Turmeric is another spice known to reduce the body’s resistance to insulin.

The active compound curcumin is responsible for turmeric’s yellow-orange color. Type 2 diabetes sufferers are prone to heart-related complications. Curcumin has been shown to prevent heart disease by hindering the deposit of fatty acids in the arteries.

 

5.) Bitter gourd

 

Bitter gourd is a vine-grown vegetable also known as bitter melon or bitter cucumber. According to Diabetes Health, bitter gourd contains vicine, polypeptide-P, momordin, and charantin, which are thought to have glucose-lowering properties.

Consuming the juice on a daily basis may also increase the body’s natural production of insulin. As the name implies, this vegetable has a very bitter taste. Adding bitter gourd to a stir-fry of your favorite vegetables is the best way to reap the benefits of this diabetes-friendly produce.

6.) Sweet Potatoes

Sweet potatoes boast a high fiber content and low glycemic index. Dr. David J. Jenkins, a professor at the University of Toronto, developed the glycemic index system, which measures the effect of various carbohydrates on blood sugar levels. The lower the glycemic index, the less your blood sugar will spike. Food with a glycemic index of 55 and less is considered low; sweet potatoes have a glycemic index of 44.

Sweet potatoes come in many different colors, orange, yellow, and even purple! The color is caused by carotenoids, which can improve the body’s response to insulin.

7.) Avocado

Avocado is rich in heart-healthy monounsaturated fats, which control blood cholesterol levels and slow digestion to prevent spikes in blood sugar.  Avoid pairing avocado with high-carb foods like nachos or taco shells. Instead, try adding a few avocado slices to your next salad.

 

8.) Fish

 

According to a study by the Harvard School of Public Health, consuming fish at least once a week can reduce the risk of diabetes-related heart disease by 40%. Fish provides an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids, which can potentially decrease insulin resistance. Oily, cold-water fish like mackerel, salmon, and sardines contain the highest source of omega-3 fatty acids.

DBX – 13, a Complete Natural Cure for Diabetes

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diabetes

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases that almost every family is suffering these days with one or more family members globally. Although there are medicines and treatments available that can control your diabetes, there is no complete cure for diabetes in Medical Science yet. Still, people search for a way to complete diabetes cure on the internet.

While searching about a complete cure for diabetes on the web, you may have come to know about DBX – 13, which is being advertised by the Health Science Institute (HSI) magazine as a natural way to complete diabetes cure. The frustrating thing is that you can’t find a lot of information about DBX-13 on the web, and you end up searching for this with a big disappointment.

To help you know more about DBX – 13, we have researched a lot about it and have come up with detailed information that will increase your knowledge and might help you in curing your diabetes to a great extent.

HSI (Health Science Institute) in an ad for a free eBook titled ‘Miracles from the Vault: Anthology of Underground Cures’ by Jenny Thompson advertised that DBX – 13 is a miracle diabetes cure. Not only diabetes, but the HSI newsletter also praised and promoted DBX -13 as a scientifically proven cure for cancer and other diseases. According to HSI, DBX – 13 is a natural diabetes treatment which normalises diabetic sugar in only three months.

With Having This Diabetes Miracle Cure with No Side Effects, You Can Defeat Diabetes without Risking Your Life Anymore

I found some people on the web complaining that although HSI claims DBX–13 as a medicine for a complete diabetes cure, there is no information shared by the FDA and Big pharma about it. This is because DBX-13 is a natural diabetes cure, and the FDA and Big Pharma promote only drugs. Whether it is DBX-13 or any other natural treatment or cure, you will not find any information about these shared by the FDA and Big Pharma.

If you want to understand how DBX-13 cure diabetes completely, let’s first understand how one becomes diabetic. Diabetes, in a simple language, is directly related to our digestive system. Whatever we eat, we need to digest and for digestion, our food breaks into small pieces of glucose or sugar. This sugar then goes to our blood cells and gives us the energy to work for the day. Now to transfer glucose to our blood cells, we need insulin that is made by the pancreas. If, due to some reasons, our pancreas is not able to produce enough amount of insulin to transfer glucose into the blood cells, the condition is known as diabetes, and the person suffering from this disease is called as a diabetic.

Now, you must be thinking that how DBX-13 can help in this condition, right? Well, DBX-13 plays the most important role here by enhancing the ability of your body to process sugar. This means that it helps in moving sugar into your cells and then it is burnt as energy.

What Ingredients Are Used in DBX-13?

DBX-13 is a super compound that contains eleven natural ingredients, and each ingredient fights with diabetes on its own. The secret that has made this natural medicine so magically effective is the use of the ingredients in the right proportion. The following are the 11 ingredients that DBX-13 contains – Vitamin c, Biotin, chromium aspartate, garcinia Cambogia, gymnema Sylvestre, cinnamon, bitter melon, betaine HCL, banaba, fenugreek, and vanadium. So, now you can become a completely healthy man from a diabetic in just three months with DBX-13.

Health Science Institute in their January 2013 newsletter subscription also revealed that they did a study in which they tested some diabetics with DBX-13. All the participants who took part in that had uncontrolled blood sugar ranging from 160 to 225. They started taking DBX-13, and it was observed that within 3 months, the blood sugar of the participants dropped to the normal range. The considerable part of this study was that there were no any side effects on any of the participants.

Some more results were observed in the test which ultimately resulted in normalising the blood sugar of the participants, and they were as follows:

  • It was observed that each participant taking DBX-13 had a decrease in LDL (bad) cholesterol by an average of 34%.
  • It was also found that all of them had a total cholesterol drop by an average of 29%.
  • Triglycerides, which are the main constituents of natural fats and oils formed from glycerol and three fatty acid groups, fell by an average of 20%.
  • And they also lost their weight by an average of 9.3 pounds with no changes in their eating habits and exercise routines.

So, the bottom line of the information shared about DBX-13 is that you can change your life with DBX-13, no matter how much you are at risk for diabetes. If you want to know more about this life-changing complete diabetes cure, you can contact HSI with reference to the newsletter they published in the January 2013 about DBX-13.

Difference and Similarities of Lantus and Levemir

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Lantus and Levemir are two types of long-acting insulin which is injectable and used in the treatment of diabetes. They can be used by both children and adults. Human insulin is made up of amino acid chains, A and B.

Insulin is produced naturally in the body by the pancreas. It converts tissues in the bloodstream into energy which we use daily. With no insulin in the torso, the sugar levels will become dangerously high and out of balance. Hence, diabetes takes birth.

diabetesDiabetes is a condition where the pancreas uses little or no insulin at all. Patients with diabetes type 1 and type 2 must use insulin to maintain body sugar. Both are insulin analogues, where the insulin molecules are analogous to human insulin. But when recombined with slight differences it reduces their absorption.

How are Lantus and Levemir made?

Lantus: Vat of E bacteria produces Glargine. It’s then purified and added to a watery solution containing zinc and glucose and hydrochloric acid for a little bit of acidity. The pH levels are brought down to 4. Once it’s down, glargine completely dissolves in water hence the vial is absolutely clear. Once it’s injected, the acidic solution is neutralized by the body.

Levemir: This is made with insulin detemir. It’s created with a recombination of DNA technology like Lantus but made with baker’s yeast and not E.coil. It contains some additional chemicals as used in Lantus. Insulin detemir differs from human insulin where one amino acid has been omitted from B chain. One fatty acid has been attached instead.

Similarities between Lantus and Levemir

Both, Lantus and Levemir are meant for daily diabetes management. Both are not meant for treating high sugar or ketoacidosis. Levemir resulted in less weight gain, whereas Lantus had fewer skin reactions and required lower daily dose. Both can lower the blood sugar slowly but are long lasting.

However, as per a study, there was no significant difference in the safety and effectiveness of the type 2 disease between the two. They both take 24 hours’ time to be absorbed.

Differences between Lantus and Levemir

Levemir is long-acting insulin providing all-day sugar control. It can cause low blood sugar, so understand the symptoms are and always have a source of sugar close by. Lantus is Insulin Glargine, which is a long-acting insulin that provides all-day sugar control. This can also cause low blood sugar.

In Glargine, amino acid has been switched off and 2 extras are added at the B chain. Hence, it’s made soluble in the pH, but less soluble at the neutral pH which is found in the body.

Dosage

Levemir can be taken in one or two doses in a day. If taken once a day, it’s recommended that you take it during dinner or before sleeping. If taken twice, keep a gap of 12 hours. Lantus is taken once a day. The timings are based on the glucose-based target. It’s better to take the physician’s advice on this one.

The insulin intake will depend on the type of disease that you have. The solution for the injection is 100 units/ml. The solution is colourless and clear. Both Lantus and Levemir should not be used with a pump. This could be life threatening for the patient as it results in severe low blood sugar.

Injections should never be taken in the vein or muscle, but under the skin. It’s important to keep rotating the places from the last dosage. This is avoiding fatty tissue build up. Dosage adjustments can be necessary.

Novo Nordisk A/S Semaglutide cuts cardiovascular risk

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novo nordiskPeople with diabetes are more prone to have heart attack or stroke. There are an estimated 5.2 people in America that are oblivious that they have it. 18.2 million Americans are recorded to have it and over 13 million are on a prediabetic stage. Studies show that there is an undeniable link between diabetes, heart disease and stroke. In fact 6 out of 10 diabetic patients die from heart disease or also known as cardiovascular disease (CV).

Few months ago, Novo Nordisk broadcast constructive top-line results for Liraglutide also known as Victoza.  Now, the company, Novo Nordisk announced that semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue that motivate insulin and curbs glucagon emission in a glucose-dependent method, while suppressing appetite and food intake.  The trial shows, it can significantly diminish the risk of cardiovascular (CV) death, both non-fatal myocardial infarction known as heart attack and stroke by 26%. According to the study, Semaglutide was given once per week to 3,297 adults with type 2 Diabetes known to have higher (CV) risk. The test came in with considerable positive results based on accretion of initial MACE or Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, tested in 254 people for 104 weeks of treatment.

Almost 50% of the deaths in diabetic patients are caused by heart disease, therefore reducing the risk of underlying complications such as heart attack and stroke is vital.

Dr. Steven Marso, SUSTAIN 6 examiner and lead author of New England Journal of Medicine publication says that he observed a “reduction in cardiovascular events” during the trial, given at “short trial duration”.

What is SUSTAIN 6? SUSTAIN 6 (Semaglutide Unabated Sustainability in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes) – is a clinical study conducted by Steven P. Marso, MD, of the Research Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, and fellow investigators. It is a Trial to Evaluate Cardiovascular and Other Long-term Outcomes with Semaglutide in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes. They compared the response and the results of patients that took Semaglutide versus placebo in which both received standard clinical care. The trial started in February 2013 with subjects from 20 different countries that were treated for the whole duration of the test.

However, some adverse effects were noted like gastrointestinal dealings but the incidence of pancreatitis was notable lower with semaglutide vs placebo. In microvascular complications, drastically lesser subjects were treated with (62 [3.8%]) of semaglutide vs. placebo of (100 [6.1%]) and develop or worsen nephropathy. On the other hand, people with semaglutide (50 [3.0%]) vs. placebo (29 [1.8%]) suffered complications like diabetic retinopathy.

Moreover, 39% decreased was noted in non-fatal stroke and a non-significant 26% cut in non-fatal myocardial infarction and a neutral ending of  (2% decrease) in CV death after only two years of treatment.

Semaglutide is GLP-1 receptor agonist, proposed to offer the quantifiable benefits of a GLP-1 analogue with lesser injections to people with type 2 diabetes. The trial result was presented in the 52nd Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 2016 in Munich, Germany and was also published in New England Journal of Medicine.

Mads Krogsgaard Thomsen, executive vice president and chief science officer of Novo Nordisk said that The SUSTAIN 6 results will “strengthen the clinical evidence for the Novo Nordisk GLP-1 receptor agonist portfolio” and that the company will expect regulatory submission this year. The will further search for added benefits afar from glycaemic control and weight loss in adults suffering type 2 diabetes with high cardiovascular risk.

Currently, The Danish Company is formulating the first GLP-1 to be given as a pill rather than an injection, -an oral version of semaglutide, which would be announced soon.

 

Type 2 diabetes study busts ‘fit and fat’

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It was once believed that even if an individual was obese, as long as they were physically active and metabolically healthy, i.e. their cholesterol, blood sugar and blood pressure were within recommended limits, they could be considered “fit and fat”.

A recent Australian study has debunked this myth and come full circle as once again maintaining a healthy weight has proven to be the best preventative measure at reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that even if an obese individual incorporated exercise into their daily regime, they were still 5 times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than a person with a normal weight, even if they were a couch potato.

The University of Sydney’s Prevention Research Collaboration conducted the study. For 3 years, they documented the levels of physical activity and inactivity of 29, 572 men and women who were 45+ years of age. By the end of the study, 611 individuals had developed type 2 diabetes.

Thanh-Binh Nguyen, the lead researcher, stated that being physically active while overweight is only helpful if it leads to weight loss. A healthy diet paired with fat-burning exercise is key to preventing diabetes. Previous studies have shown that a 5-10% reduction in body weight can prevent type 2 diabetes in pre-diabetic individuals.

This is not the first study to discount the “fit and fat” theory that was encouraged by a 2012 study. Researchers from the U.S. and Europe published a study in the European Heart Journal, which claimed that as long as overweight and obese individuals were metabolically fit, their risk of heart disease or cancer would be no different to anyone with a normal weight.

Based on their criteria, almost half of the 43, 000 obese people that took part in the study were considered to be fit. It wasn’t until later in 2015 that a Swedish study shed light on the fact that even if an obese person exercised regularly, they were still 30% more likely to die a premature death when compared to a sedentary person with a normal weight.

Researchers from Umea University in Sweden collected data from 1,317,713 men of different sizes, over a period of 30 years. The participant’s fitness level was evaluated by having them cycle to exhaustion.  Men whose fitness levels fell within the top fifth percentile when they were 18 were 51% less likely to suffer from a premature death.

The Swedish study found that the benefits of exercise were only effective up to a certain weight. Overweight and obese men had a higher risk of heart disease even if they exercised.

Professor Peter Nordstrom led the study and concluded that having and maintaining a low Body Mass Index (BMI) from young can reduce the risk of early death.

Your BMI determines if you fall into a healthy weight category for your height. If your BMI falls within the range of 25 -29.9, you’re considered overweight. Knowing your BMI can help you create realistic, attainable weight loss goals. And as multiple research studies have shown, staying at a healthy weight is the best line of defense you can take to prevent and manage diabetes and other metabolic diseases.

Water Fluoridation Linked to Diabetes and Low IQ

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izpo-medical-5For 70 years, fluoride has been added to the U.S. public water supply as a cost-effective method to reduce tooth decay. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were so impressed with the drastic decline in tooth decay cases that they included water fluoridation in the list of “ten great public health achievements of the 20th century”.

Unfortunately, a recent study may have exposed a potential link between type 2 diabetes and water fluoridation. The study was conducted by Kyle Fluegge and published in the Journal of Water and Health. Fluegge used mathematical models to try to find a connection between the nation’s current diabetes epidemic and drinking water.

The additives approved to fluoridate water are fluorosilicic acid, sodium fluorosilicate and sodium fluoride. Fluegge found that sodium fluoride could be linked to the rise in diabetes cases, especially since it is a known preservative of blood glucose. On the other hand, fluorosilicic acid was found to have the opposite effect as it was linked to a decline in diabetes prevalence.

Of the 22 states studied, it was found that lower diabetes rates were common where water fluoridation did not occur. But before you run out to stock up on bottled water, it should be noted that Fluegee’s findings cannot be applied to individual cases.

Fluegee’s first mathematical model compared the concentration of added fluoride to the increased prevalence of diabetes cases. A consistent connection could not be found between the two variables. It was only after Fluegge compared the population’s per capita consumption of tap water that he obtained favorable results.

There were two shortfalls to Fluegge’s study; first, the per capita consumption of tap water was estimated, and secondly water is not the only potential fluoride source. Despite the shortcomings, the study should not be ignored since it does shed light on the very important fact that sodium fluoride has been shown to preserve blood glucose.

As a diabetic, you are prone to consuming a significant quantity of water in comparison to non-diabetics. According to the National Research Council, consistent fluoride exposure can increase the severity of diabetes in some individuals by causing high blood glucose levels or impaired glucose tolerance.

To find out if your drinking water is adversely affecting your health, you can go to the CDC’s My Water’s Fluoride database to see if your county’s water system is fluoridated.

Fluoridated water generally has a fluoride content of 0.7 milligrams per Liter (mg/L). This has been shown to be the ideal concentration at which tooth decay is prevented without causing any adverse health effects. Unfortunately, 0.07-0.4 mg/kg/day has been linked to glucose intolerance, a precursor to type 2 diabetes, in some individuals.

Glucose intolerance occurs when the body is no longer able to remove glucose from the bloodstream. Human and animal studies have shown that after fluoride is ingested it stops the pancreatic cells from secreting insulin, resulting in elevated blood sugar. Fluoride may also cause glucose intolerance by increasing insulin resistance.

Along with being linked to diabetes, water fluoridation may also have an impact on children’s IQ. For years there has been a great debate on whether fluoride has any effect on the human brain. In an attempt to answer this question researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and China Medical University in Shenyang teamed up to analyze various studies.

After reviewing 27 studies it was determined that fluoride may have a negative impact on a child’s developing brain, but the severity of its effect would require further research. Despite the existence of over 23 human studies and 100 animal studies showing a link between fluoride consumption and brain damage, it is still added to 70% of the U.S. public water supply.

The research team discovered that children exposed to high fluoride concentrations had a 0.45 reduction in the “standardized mean difference” (SMD) in intelligence. In terms of IQ score, that is a decline by 7 IQ points.

It seems that the medical and dental communities are determined to only acknowledge the perceived benefits of water fluoridation while ignoring any evidence to the contrary.

IZPO’s WAR on Diabetes – What is Diabetes?

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What you need to know about Diabetes?

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases that almost every family is suffering these days with one or more family members globally. But most people are still unaware the causes, symptoms and treatment of diabetes. Diabetes, in a simple language, is directly related to our digestive system. Whatever we eat, we need to digest and for digestion our food breaks into small pieces of glucose or sugar. This sugar then goes to our blood cells and gives us energy to work for the day. Now to transfer glucose to our blood cells, we need insulin that is made by the pancreas. If due to some reasons, our pancreas is not able to produce enough amount of insulin to transfer glucose into the blood cells, the condition is known as diabetes, and the person suffering from this disease is called as a diabetic.

According to International Diabetes Federation, more than 415 million people around the world are suffering from diabetes, and the number of diabetics will be 642 million by the year 2040. The figure also shows that one in every eleven adults suffers from diabetes under the Sun. The facts and figures researched in this report clearly show that diabetes has become one of the most common diseases, and we need more doctors and scholars who can make continuous and serious efforts to come up with a better medicine or treatment for diabetes.

Diabetes has been labeled into two parts, Type1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes, depending upon the symptoms that the patients are having.

Here are some interesting facts about diabetes that you need to know:

  • Type 1 diabetes is a lifelong disease but Type 2 diabetes is preventive in nature.
  • To manage your sugar level in your body, you need to balance your diet and do daily exercises.
  • Medicine plays a significant role to balance the sugar level, so it is important to have your medicine prescribed by endocrinologist daily at the same time without fail.
  • Diabetes can be fatal if medication is ignored.

Some myths about Diabetes:

  • Many people believe that diabetes is a spreadable disease. But it is a myth. Diabetes is not at all contagious. It does not spread by any means. Though it can be genetic.
  • You don’t have diabetes because you eat too much sweet. Just believe, sweet is not at all culprit if you become a diabetic. In fact, if you are a diabetes patient and are regularly taking your medicine, you can eat sweets and chocolate a little bit.
  • It is the biggest myth that all obese people must have diabetes. Obese people are likely to have type 2 diabetes, but this is because they do not eat balanced food and do not do exercise.

What is prediabetes?

Prediabetes is a situation where the blood sugar of a person becomes higher than the normal, but not high enough to be declared as a diabetic. The majority of type 2 diabetes patients have pre-diabetes. For a prediabetic, it is possible to achieve back the normal blood glucose levels without taking any medicines.

Symptoms of Diabetes

The below are some common symptoms of diabetes:

  1. Increased Urine Output and frequent urination,
  2. Unusual thirst,
  3. Weight loss or gain,
  4. Hunger,
  5. Fatigue or lack of energy,
  6. Blurred vision,
  7. Cuts and bruises that are slow to heal,
  8. Yeast infections, and
  9. Tingling or numbness in the hands, feet or toes

If diabetes is diagnosed early, the risks of the complications can be reduced.

Who Gets Diabetes?

Anyone can get this disease. However if your relatives have this disease, your chances of getting this disease is more. Some other risk factors of getting the disease are obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure and physical inactivity. The risk of getting this disease also increases with the growing age.

Sources:

http://www.idf.org/about-diabetes/facts-figures

http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/symptoms/

http://www.joslin.org/info/general_diabetes_facts_and_information.html

IZPOs War on Diabetes – Is there a CURE (or 2)

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Is there a cure for diabetes?

Are you a diabetes patient and looking for remedies to cure diabetes? If so, then here is the detailed information about the latest inventory in the field of diabetes – Diabetes Protocol.

Diabetes Protocol tends to create certain skyscraping promises among the people. It claims to get you out from Type 1 and Type 2 kind of diabetes. It promises to cure your diabetes completely rather than controlling the symptoms.

Now, with the concept of Diabetes Protocol spreading fiercely, people still have a doubt – is it a scam or is this a reality? People who have abided by the rules of Diabetes Protocol have witnessed a tremendous positive change in their lives.

Before going into the depth, let’s take a look at what is Diabetes Protocol? It is a downloadable guide consisting of 138 pages and focuses more on health, fitness and lifestyle including how to cure diabetes. This downloadable guide is available to all in the form of a PDF eBook. You can get your hands on the book online. Once you apply, a copy of the book will be sent to your e-mail address immediately.

The book consists of three important modules, which are as follow:

  1. Module 1, also known as core module deals with the root cause of diabetes.
  2. Module 2 talks about various natural remedies to control blood sugar etc.
  3. Module 3 explains about the dangerous implications of certain diabetes pills.

When you apply to buy this PDF e-book, you can get access to two bonus modules – 500 delicious diabetes recipe and 7-day energy booster.

In today’s world, people do not find enough time to take care of their health or to find solutions to meet their deadly diseases. People in most parts of the world believe that there is no absolute cure for diabetes. But, this is a wrong myth. Once you go through the Diabetes Protocol, you can find enough of natural remedies to cure diabetes.

Diabetes protocol was introduced by Dr. Kenneth Pullman. Being a patient of Type 2 diabetes since the age of 13, he decided to bring out a perfect cure for diabetic people. His father lost a leg due to the severe complications of diabetes.

After certain trials and its failures, finally the father and son duo came out with the power of brown adipose fat tissue. All these discoveries are compiled in the ‘Diabetes Protocol’.

Now, after reading the above-mentioned facts, one might think how does Diabetes Protocol help to cure diabetes? Diabetes Protocol tends to target the symptoms of diabetes successfully. It aims at the symptoms in such a way that diabetes won’t be hindrance to you in day-to-day activities.

Just reading out the tips and guidelines from Diabetes Protocol won’t treat your diabetics’ problem in the right way. You need to avoid diabetic medicines, eat and drink what you like in a considerable amount. If you act in the right way, you can beat up the issue of diabetes.

Diabetes Protocol is completely logical in nature. It completely depends on BAT (Brown Adipose Tissue) rather than giving fake promises of eating healthy herbs etc. By triggering the brown fat, you can easily charge up your body’s energy to manage the complications of diabetes.

According to a report published in Diabetes Journal, “Brown Fat in Humans: Turning up the Heat on Obesity”, it provides information on how our human body take-up the brown fat to manage the glucose levels.

Within the Diabetes Protocol PDF lies the ways to eliminate and eradicate the complications of Diabetes. This system can work for anyone, which means that age is not a barrier. It can work on a 9-year-old child to a 90-year-old person. The Diabetes Protocol is based on sound medical research rather than any hypothesis.

The Diabetes Protocol is a unique for treating your diabetes completely, without giving it a second chance. The techniques used in diabetes protocol are not true just because a lot of common people gave positive reviews, but because Dr. Pullman has had several years of genuine experience in dealing with diabetes.

The Diabetes Protocol makes sure that you do not live the rest of your life on life support such as insulin injections. By adapting to the practice of Diabetes Protocol, you can free yourself from the exhausting pain of injecting a needle frequently.  Once you start following Diabetes Protocol, you can easily cure diabetes and enjoy your favorite food for the rest of your life.

Once you purchase the Diabetes Protocol, you can embrace freedom, satisfaction and contentment in large amounts.

What are the Advantages of Diabetes Protocol?

  • You can enjoy the freedom from insulin drug addiction.
  • Diabetes Protocol will help you to eradicate all kinds of diabetes, such as Type 1 and Type 2, along with removal of other high blood sugar health issues.
  • You can save a lot of additional expenses as you do not have to spend on getting the doctor’s appointment and expensive medicines.
  • You will gain back the lost confidence and will be able to enjoy your life completely without any tensions.

It has been proved that Diabetes Protocol can cure your diabetes complication within a time period of 19 days. You can believe in this protocol without any doubt as it does not have any sort of side effects on your health.

Along with the purchase, you can enjoy a 60-day refund policy. If you do not witness a positive transformation, you can claim back the money and there won’t be any further questions asked to you.

Conclusion

Yes, Diabetes Protocol can help you to get cured from the complications of diabetes for the rest of your life. As said, it does not only treat the symptoms, but also the world of diabetes in you. The Diabetes Protocol e-book has gained a lot of prominence among the diabetes patients as it has given them a hope and changed their life for better. Therefore, get the Diabetes Protocol right away to enjoy a diabetes-free life.

Sources:

http://supplementpolice.com/diabetes-protocol/

http://www.fulldailyreviews.com/diabetes-protocol-program-review-dr-kenneth-pullman/

http://healthyhomemagazine.com/diabetes-protocol-review/